Pieter van Guinea1

M, #15363, b. circa 1645

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Last Edited24/01/2016
BirthOrigin*Pieter was described as from Guinea but would most likely have been from the region around modern day Benin. He would have been among the slaves brought to the Cape on the Hasselt in May 1658 and was likely an adult, perhaps born circa 1645.1 
(Slave) ShipVoyage On 10 September 1657 the Hasselt departed the Cape (after an earlier false start) for Angola and the coast of 'Guinea' with orders to acquire slaves for the Cape. They had been deterred from attempting to purchase slaves at the bay of Luanda de St. Paulo by the presence of four other ships anchored there, and sailed on. They went first to Cape Lopez on the Gabonese coast for water and wood, and then proceeded to Andra, a slave-trading centre on the coast of upper Guinea. The vessel arrives at the Cape with 226 or 228 [different figures recorded contemporaneously] remaining from 271 originally embarked. Forty three or 45 died enroute and some women were already pregnant according to a later account. Eighty of the best 'Guinea' slaves were sent on to Batavia, and at the Cape a few abscond and many succomb to illness — by 5 March 1659 only 41 remain. The slaves had been purchased at what is now Grand Popo in present day Benin and would have come from as far afield as Sudan. The Hasslt arrived back at the Cape on 6 May 1658 and its slave cargo was discharged the following day. The following slaves would most likely have been among those who survived at the Cape: Abraham van Guinea, Adouke van Guinea, Anna van Guinea, Claas van Guinea, Deuxsous van Guinea, Evert van Guinea, Koddo van Guinea, Louis van Guinea, Maria van Guinea, Oude Hans van Guinea, Pieter van Guinea, Regina van Rapenberg van Guinea and Gegeima van Guinea.2,3 
Names in the record, in publications, etc.Pieter van Guinea may be the slave known as Pieter Rob.4,5
NotesOn 1 October 1658 Pieter Rob and Pieter Pietersz I have assumed that these are two separate individual given that both had different owners on the same date.
Slave TransactionsBetween 6 May 1658 and 1 October 1658 Pieter van Guinea was sold by the Company to Thomas Christoffel Müller, this transaction is assumed.6,7
On 1 October 1658 Pieter Rob, Pauwels Das, Jan Meeuw van Angola and Jackie Joy van Angola were put up as security in a skuldbrief by Juriaen Jansz:, Gerrit Harmens and Thomas Christoffel Müller in favour of the wife of the commander Maria de la Queillerie. This was for a loan of f 300 at ¾% per month. In addition Jansz:, Hermanusz: and Muller included as security their current two vehicles [wagons?] as well any they may acquire in the future. The payment in the first month was excused, thereafter they were to make monthly payments until the original amount, plus interest, was repaid. Presumably they carried out the agreement, because the skuldbrief was cancelled on 1 February 1660.7
On 12 March 1668 Pieter van Guinea was sold by Thomas Christoffel Müller to Henrick van Zuerwaarden, for Rds 100.8,9,1
Property TransactionsOn 5 June 1661 Thomas Christoffel Müller, agreed to enter a partnership with Bartholomeus Boorn, in the Saldanha trading business. Borns had previously been in Müller's service in the same enterprise. In terms of the agreement Borns would take ownership of half of everything in the business including vehicles, small houses, pigs, sheep, aksie [?], debts, creditors, all small poultry, etc., whether at the Cape, Dassen Island or Saldanha Bay previously owned by Mülller in partnership with Gerrit Harmens. A condition of sale was that Müller would retain ownership of two male slaves and one female slave. At the time he owned Pieter van Guinea, Pauwels Das, Oude Hans van Guinea and Gegeima van Guinea either wholly or in partnership. Born would acquire the child of the female slave, this may have been a child of Gegeima, but was most likely not Maria van de Caep.10
On 8 June 1661 Gerrit Harmens, sold to Thomas Christoffel Müller, his partner and co-Saldanha trader, his half of everything the two owned in partnership, including vessels, small houses, slaves pigs, sheep, all poultry at the Cape, Dassen Island and Saldanha Bay; along with all their debt and credit, for 250 carolus guilders. The slaves were not named but at the time the two appear to have owned the following slaves in partnership Pieter van Guinea, Pauwels Das, Oude Hans van Guinea and Gegeima van Guinea. Müller signed an acknowledgement of debt in the sum of f 450 the same day. Hermans sold it to Pieter van der Stael on 7 February 1662.11
On 24 June 1662 Thomas Christoffel Müller and Bartholomeus Boorn signed a skuldbrief or lien in the amount of f 3050 in favour of Cornelis Mostaert for the purchase of his home, payable in two equal instalments of f 1525, the first on 1 April 1663 and the second one year later. They were individually responsible for paying half of each instalment. As surety they offered their own recently purchased home on the corner of Fortsplein and the street on the strand [?], as well as their vaartuie, huisies, slawe, varke, skape - i.e. vehicles [wagons?], little houses/buildings, slaves, pigs, sheep, etc. At the time Müller owned at least the following slaves, Pieter van Guinea, Pauwels Das, Oude Hans van Guinea and Gegeima van Guinea while Borns owned Jan Vos, all of whom may have been part of the surety.12

Citations

  1. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700 (Cape Town: Tafelberg, 1977), p. 127. 12.3.1668, pp. 203-204: Pieter from Guinea, sold by Thomas Christoffel Muller to Hendrick van Zuerwaerden for Rds. 100.. Hereinafter cited as Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700.
  2. [S810] Mansell Upham 'At Earth's Extremest End… Op 't eijnde van de Aerd … The genealogical impact of the 'Angola' & 'Guinea' slaves at the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (http://e-family.co.za/ffy/ui66.htm), August 2014. "pp. 5, 22-27."
  3. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700, pp.10, 12.
  4. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", Kronos - Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670) 15 (1988): 1.10.1658 CTD I, p.108
    … Pieter Rob …. Hereinafter cited as "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)."
  5. [S810] Mansell Upham 'UL 20 At Earth's Extremest End…', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "Besides her, Cornelisz: owns the following ‘Guinea’ slaves Judas de Wever, Pieter Pietersz: aka Pieter Rob..."
  6. [S810] Mansell Upham 'UL 20 At Earth's Extremest End…', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "A wifeless Leendert Cornelisz: borrows (1 October 1658) f 300 from Maria de la Queillerie, wife of Jan van Riebeeck. He puts himself up as surety together with all his possessions - especially the slaves the Cape-born heelslag Jan Bruijns and the ‘Guinea’ slaves: Judas de Wever, Sara de Waster [Koddo / Prodo aka Plad Oor] and Pieter Pietersz: aka Pieter Rob “including their children and children yet to be born”."
  7. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", 1.10.1658 CTD I, p.108
    Jurrien Jansz van Amsterdam, Gerrit Hermanusz van Deventer en Tomas Cristoffel Muller van Leypsigh, asook hul vennoot Jochum Elbert van Amsterdam, almal vryburgers, skuld Maria de la Quellerije, huisvrou van kommandeur Jan van Riebeecq, f300 wat hulle van haar geleen het teen driekwart persent rente per maand, die eerste maand daarvan verskoon. Hulle beloof om maandeliks te betaal tot dat die skuld en rente betaal is en stel as pand hulle huidige twee en toekomstige vaartuie, de Pogingen en Zeeleeuw, asook hulle vier slawe, Pieter Rob, Pauwels Das, Jan Meeu en Jacque Jooij. [Kantnota: 1.2.1660 gerojeer.]
  8. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", 12.3.1668     CTD 3, p.203
    Thomas Christoffel Muller, vryburgerraad en tans op vertrek staan na Patria, verkoop aan Hend[rik] van Surwaerden [elders Zuerwaerden], mede gewese vryburgerraad, die Guinese slaaf Pieter van Guinee vir 100 Rds. [Geen ouderdom vermeld.]
  9. [S810] Mansell Upham 'UL 20 At Earth's Extremest End…', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "Pieter Pietersz: van Guinea aka Pieter Rob appears to be purchased by Thomas Christoffel Muller (from Leipzig) who in turn sells him (12 March 1668) to Hendrik Snijer."
  10. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", 5.6.1661     CTD I. p243
    Thomas Muller van Leypzigh, vry Saldanhavaarder, en Bartholomeus Borns van Waerden, oak ‘n vry Saldanhavaarder, verklaar dat hulle twee ooreengekom het om saam te handel en dat Borns sal toetree tot die helfte van hulle vaartuie, huisies, varke, skape, aksie, skulde, krediteure, alle klein ‘gevleugelte’, ens. hier aan die Kaap en op Dasseneiland en Saldanhabaai wat Thomas Muller met Gerrit Harmansz om die helfte besit het, op die voorwaarde dat Thomas Muller vir hom partikulier twee slawe met ‘n slavin, wat voorheen aan hom behoort het, uithou en Bartholomeus Borns die kind van die slavin … [Geen name vermeld.].
  11. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", 8.6.1661     CTD I, p. 271
    Gerrit Harmansz van Deventer, vry Saldanhavaarder, verkoop aan Thomas Muller van Leypzigh, mede vry Saldanhavaarder en sy vennoot sy helfte van alles wat hulle saam besit het soos vaartuie, huisies, slawe, varke, skape, alle klein ‘gevleugelte’ hier en op Dasseneiland en Saldanhabaai asook hulle skuld en krediet vir 450 carolus gulde. [Geen name vermeld.]
    8.6.1661     CTD I, p.273
    Skuldbrief van Thomas Christoffel Muller van Leypzig, vry Saldanhavaarder, vir die bedrag van f 450 wat hy Gerrit Harmansz van Deventer skuld weens bostaande kooptransaksie. As sekuriteit dien al die gekoopte goedere maar in besonder die helfte van 'n huis op Dasseneiland. Hy beloof om die skuld oor twee jaar af te betaal. [Die slawe se name is nie vermeld nie. Hierdie skuldbrief het Gerrit Harmansz op 7.2.1662 aan Pieter van der Stael, die sieketrooster, verkoop. Sien p.287.]
  12. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", 24.6.1662     CTD 1, p.326
    Skuldbrief aan [van?] Thomas Christoffel Muller van Leypsigh en Bartholomeus Borns van Waerden, vryburgers en Saldanhavaarders, gesamentlik verskuldig aan Wouter Cornelisz Mostert, oud burgerraad, die som van f 3 050 vir die koop van van Mostert se huis. Elkeen verantwoordelik vir die helfte van die paaiement van f 1525 waarvan die eerste betaalbaar is op 1 April 1663 en dan die jaar daarna. Hulle bied as pand hulle nuut gekoopte huis op die hoek van Fortsplein en die straat aan die seestrant asook hulle vaartuie, huisies, slawe, varke, skape, ens. soos op Dasseneiland en in Tafelbaai. [Geen name word vermeld nie.]
 

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