Lijsbeth Sanders

F, #6130, b. before 2 March 1659, d. circa 1743
Father-Candidate*Gerrit Sandersz: b. c 1630, d. 4 Jan 1660; It is possible that these individuals may be biological father and daughter. However, no baptism has been identified for Lijsbeth, and so the likelihood is that her father was not 'white' while Gerrit Sandersz: was described in the record as from Blechsum | Blixem | Bletsum, i.e. Blexum or Blexen, viz. Blexum, ein Dorf mit einer Kirche im Budjadinger Lande, in der Grafschaft Oldenburg. Now Blexen in Niedersachsen | Lower Saxony. It may be that Lijsbeth's father was a slave somehow connected to Sandersz:, but for now he remains the only candidate who fits the name / time / location profile3
Mother-Putative*Lijsbeth Arabus b. c 1645; This putative relationship is offered based on Mansell Upham's extensive research on the women of this period, and his process of elimination of other women who may qualify to be the mother. At the time of her birth, there was a very small pool of company owned slave women who could have been the mother of Lijsbeth Sanders.1
Foster MotherAnna van Guinea2 b. c 1647
ChartsDescendants of Lijsbeth Sanders

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NGK (Cape Town) Baptisms 1665-1695NGK (Cape Town) Baptisms 1665-1695
NGK Drakenstein Marriages 1717-1740NGK Drakenstein Marriages 1717-1749
Last Edited03/05/2022
Birth*Lijsbeth Sanders was born before 2 March 1659 de Caep de Goede Hoop most likely in the household of Hendrick Hendricksz Boom and Anna Joris given that her putative mother had been re-allocated to them by the time of the 1657 muster. She was said to be 12 years old when sold in 1671.4,5 
Marriage De facto*Lijsbeth Sanders and Louis van Bengale were in a defacto relationship circa 1678 Cabo de Boa Esperança.6 
Lovers*Circa 1684 Lijsbeth Sanders and Willem Teerling were lovers de Caep de Goede Hoop.7  
Marriage De facto*Lijsbeth Sanders and Jan Herfst were in a defacto relationship after January 1699 Drakenstein.6 
EngagementShe and Louis van Bengale were engaged on 17 March 1687 Stellenbosch, Cabo de Boa Esperança,They appeared before the Magistrate and executed a pledge to marry. According to Hattingh some researchers interpreted this pledge as as a marriage; and Louis' later application to be released from it, as divorce. Hattingh argues that instead, it was merely an agreement or promise.6 
Death*Lijsbeth Sanders died circa 1743 de Caep de Goede Hoop.6 

Family 1

Louis van Bengale b. c 1652, d. 1716
Children

Family 2

Willem Teerling b. c 1633
Children
  • Willem Teerling b. b 8 May 1685, d. 1713; candidate relationship, offered with a view toward further discovery in the record.30
  • Clara Herfst+29,31 b. c Sep 1689, d. b 18 Feb 1714

Family 3

Jan Herfst b. c 1660
Child
(Witness) De facto-CandidateCirca 1658 Lijsbeth Arabus and Gerrit Sandersz: may have been in a de facto relationship but this is not proven. This candidate relationship is offered with a view toward further discovery in the record of the biological parents of Lijsbeth Sanders. 
Misc* On 15 March 1688 Stellenbosch, Cabo de Boa Esperança, Lijsbeth Sanders was sued by Louis van Bengale for being "absent". He demanded before the court that she must marry him. Lijsbeth claimed that she was not denying her pledge to marry, but that it had actually been conditional as the Magistrate had cautioned Louis to desist from tyranically treating her "met smijten, slaan en dreijgementen van dooden" (by throwing things at her, hitting her and threatening her with death). The court attempted to bring them to agreement, i.e.: “met allerhande sachte middelen p(ar)tijen eerst soekende te bevredighen, hebbe door haar interpositie niets kome obtineeren (bewerkstellig), alsoo de Gh(edaag)de absoluijt verklaerende, noch te kome noch te willen met dito Lovijs om reedenen vooren gemelt trouwen, noch huijshouden dus hebben p(ar)tije met wedersijds bewilligingh ijndelijk geaccordeert, dat Lijsbeth soude gaen, waer het haer beliefde, doch niet met een ander trouwen noch doen by houden, immers niet te mogen in huwelijk met een ander treeden, soos langh Lovijs ongetrout was; ende dat de Vaders gelijk begeerden de kinderen bij dito Lijsbeth in onecht geprockeert, soude tot hem neemen alleen het jonghste kindt noch een jaer bij de moeder latende, mits aan de selfde voor lijfs onderhout int sefde jaer uijtkeerende vijf en twintigh Caapse gls, doch soude Lovijs gheholden sijn, gedachte kinderen in alle deucht en Christelijke plicht op te trekken, en doen opvoeden, soo met school te senden als anders: en sij p(ar)tijen voor den Achtbaaren Raad met dit accoort vergenoegt geweest”.

An agreement was reached before the court, but it did not hold for long, because later that year, Louis sued Lijsbeth and her lover, William Teerling, and demanded that the court reinstate her in slavery.

It is unclear when the relationship between Lijsbeth and William Teerling began. He was born in England and worked for the company (VOC) for several years before becoming a vryburger and was for a while a servant and sheep herder for Louis van Bengale.

Louis fired Teerling because of his relationship with Lijsbeth and sued them both, demanding custody of the youngest child (presumably Maria); release from the promise to marry her, "haer t’enemael ten opsigte van trouwbeloften en anders ontslagen te sijn”, adding that he had failed to comply with the promise to marry because she was was not a Christian, "sy niet in de Chr(istelijke) religie onderwesen, off gedoopt was". He also demanded that the court reinstate her in slavery, “wederom in slawernij bij den eijs(e)r gestelt”. Hattingh writes that the court determined that he could get the child once he had paid Lijsbeth the full "kostegeld" - perhaps the expenses related to the child's upkeep.6 
Names in the record, in publications, etc.2 March 1671, the name of Lijsbeth was written in the record as Lijsbeth van de Caep.8
6 October 1680, the name of Lijsbeth was written in the record as Elysabet NN.9
10 February 1686, the name of Lijsbeth was written in the record as Maria van de Caep, the scribe at the time was most likely referring to the mother of the child Maria, and wrote Maria instead of Lisjberg.
Lijsbeth Sanders was also known as Lysbet Sanders.10
Baptisms - WitnessLijsbeth Sanders is named as a parent in the record of the baptism of Elizabeth Louisz on 6 October 1680 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.11,12,6
She is named as a parent in the record of the baptism of Maria Louisz on 10 February 1686 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), de Caep de Goede Hoop.13,14
She potentially witnessed the baptism of Geertruij Evertsz on 2 December 1708 Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, (Cape Town), this witness has not been positively identified.15,16
NotesClara Herfst has widely been assumed to be the biological daughter of Jan Herfst but the events in the life of her mother Lijsbeth Sanders and in her own life make this highly unlikely. It is far more likely that her biological father was Willem Teerling and that Herfst was her step- or de facto adoptive father.

Starting with the most recent key event in the timeline is the birth of Clara's daughter Johanna Potgieter before 3 May 1707 - the date on which she is baptised. Even given the very early age of motherhood for some women at the time (for example 14 years), Clara must have been born at least as early as May 1693, but probably even earlier.

On 6 April 1689 Lijsbeth confessed that she was four months pregnant with Teerling's child. She said she had become sexually involved with Teerling after he left the employ of Louis van Bengale. Two and a half months earlier she refused in court to marry Louis because of his abusive treatment including hitting her and threatening to kill her.

Teerling's child was due in September 1689, and this date fits a logical birth date for Clara who then would have been 17 when her daughter Johanna was born - a not unusual age for the birth of first children in that period.

I am of the view that Lijsbeth Sanders and Jan Herfst only became romantically involved around 1699/1700 after she was released from a three year term in a chain gang. Her only biological child with Herfst would then be Gerbregt with Clara becoming his de facto adopted or step-daughter.17
Crime and relatedBetween 28 April 1678 and 30 April 1678 de Caep de Goede Hoop Lijsbeth Sanders confessed that she had broken into the home of Louis van Bengale and stolen a gold ring and 3 silver buttons - een guide ringh en 3 paar silvered cnoopjes - she was ceded to Louis in compensation for his loss and her accomplices - two sailors - were banished to Robben Island.18,19,20
On 6 January 1696 de Caep de Goede Hoop Lijsbeth Sanders convicted of housebreaking and theft. She was sentenced to be flogged and to 3 years hard labour in chains.21
In January 1699 de Caep de Goede Hoop Lijsbeth Sanders would have been released from prison and working in the chain gang if her sentence had been carried out in full and assuming it was not extended for any reason.22
Slave TransactionsOn 6 January 1665, Hendrick Hendricksz Boom sold his entire household, including two unnamed adult slaves, most likely Anna van Guinea and Claes Kelder van Angola to Matthijs Coeijmans. Included in the transaction were two unnamed slave children, probably Lijsbeth Sanders and Maria Everts who were later recorded to be living with the couple.23,24
Lijsbeth Sanders was sold by Matthijs Coeijmans, to Adriaan Willemsz van Brakel on 2 March 1671 de Caep de Goede Hoop, for f 120.8,25,26
Slave EmancipationsOn 27 July 1683 Cabo de Boa Esperança Lijsbeth Sanders was emancipated by Louis van Bengale her owner and lover, who described her in his application as “mijn meijt genaemt Lijsbeth van Cabo”. Two of Lijsbeth's unnamed children were freed along with her. In return, Lijsbeth was required to loyally serve Louis for a further year.

In my view the available evidence points to the two children being Elizabeth Louisz and Anna Louisz. However Mansell Upham cautions that Willem Teerling a possible son to Lijsbeth and her lover Willem Teerling could have been one of the children.27,6
Slaves owned by individualsElysabet NN is named as een slavin van Louys van Bengale in the baptism record of her daughter, Elisabeth on 6 June 1680 de Caep de Goede Hoop.11

Citations

  1. [S658] Mansell Upham 'Made or Marred by Time - the Other Armozijn & two enslaved Arabian 'princesses' at the Cape of Good Hope (1656)', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (http://e-family.co.za/ffy/ui66.htm), March 2012.
  2. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "p.40 She also had a foster mother. She was Anna van Guinea, later recorded as the free-black Hoena and previously recorded as Houwj."
  3. [S629] Personal communications between Mansell Upham and Delia Robertson, 2010-present. My thanks to Mansell Upham.
  4. [S607] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse notariële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (II), Die tweede Dekade 1671-1680", Kronos (Die notariële stukke II) 15 (1999): 2.3.1671; Matthijs Cooijmans van Herentals, burger, verkoop aan Adriaaen van Brakel, baastimmerman in diens van die Kompanjie, 'zeker meijt slavin van d'Caep' genaamd Lijsbeth, ongeveer 12 jaar oud, vir ƒ450.. Hereinafter cited as "Die notariële stukke II."
  5. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "Lijsbeth [Arabus], was re-allocated to the Company's chief gardener Hendrick Hendricksz: Boom (from Amsterdam) already before Van der Stael's departure, as evidenced by the muster (16 April 1657)..."
  6. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke Nageslag van Louis van Bengale en Lijsbeth van die Kaap", Kronos (Die Blanke nageslag . . .) 1 (1979). Hereinafter cited as "Die Blanke nageslag."
  7. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", Of dit in die eerste plek Louis se optrede teenoor haar was, óf bloot daaruit voortgespruit het, is nie duidelik nie, maar Lijsbeth het 'n verhouding met die 56 jarige Willem Teerling gehad. Teerling wat in Engeland gebore is en 'n aantal jare in die Kompanjiesdiens was voordat hy 'n vryburger geword het, was vir 'n tyd lank die kneg en skaapwagter van Louis van Bengale. [DR: Hattingh cites court documents of 1689 in which Teerling is said to be 56 years old.]
  8. [S607] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die notariële stukke II", 2.3.1671; Matthijs Cooijmans van Herentals, burger, verkoop aan Adriaaen van Brakel, baastimmerman in diens van die Kompanjie, 'zeker meijt slavin van d'Caep' genaamd Lijsbeth, ongeveer 12 jaar oud, vir ƒ 160.
  9. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.), 1665-1695: den 6 Octob. Elisabeth
    Elysabet een slavin van Louys van Bengale [witness] Annesy de Grote    , transcribed by Richard Ball, Norfolk, England, (May 2006), Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/. Hereinafter cited as Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.).
  10. [S325] Lorna Newcomb and Ockert Malan, compilers, Annale van Nederduits Gereformeerde Moedergemeente Stellenbosch No 1.., CD-ROM (Stellenbosch) Die Genootskap vir die Kerkversameling, 2004 0-9584832-1-3), Baptism Register, Gerbregt (gedoopt den 1 Octob 1702) d' vader Jan Hars, d' moeder Lysbet Sanders, d' getùygen Jan Jacob, en Lysbet Lowies.. Hereinafter cited as Palmkronieke I Baptisms.
  11. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): den 6 October [1680]; Elisabeth; Elysabet een slavin van Lovys van Bengale; Armosy de grote, 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  12. [S544] E-mails from Mansell Upham (e-mail address) to Delia Robertson, 1 Aug 2010 (Personal Library, Email Upham) "The mother is specified: as slave of Louis van Bengale named Elisabeth which can only be Lijsbeth Sanders as we have her on record for being so. Paternity is unspecified. Later in life Louis van Bengale formally acknowledged paternity of all three illegitimate daughters in his joint will with his wife Rebecca van Macassar. The baptismal entry reads:
    den 6 October [1680] Elisabeth
    Elysabet een slavin van Lovys van Bengale
    Armosy de grote.    "
  13. [S397] NGK G1 1/1, Nederduitsch Gereformeerde Kerk, Kerken Boek (Bapt.): eodem dito (10 Febr.) Maria
    de vader Louys van Bengala de moeder Lysbet
    Maria van de Caep    , 1665-1695, Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/
  14. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", Die derde dogter van Louis van Bengale is minder as ‘n jaar na die doop van Anna op 10 Februarie 1686 in die Kaap gedoop. Dit was Lijsbeth van die Kaap se tweede kind by Louis en het die naam Maria gekry.
  15. [S629] Mansell Upham.
  16. [S734] VC 604, NGK Baptism Registers 1695-1712 (Cape Town): 2 Xb:r [December 1708] van Gerrit Evertsz; en Marij van Nagenapatnam (sic); de getuigen Dirk Gerritsz, en Elizabeth Evertsz. - Geertruij, (1695-1712), Genealogical Society of South Africa, eGSSA Branch http://www.eggsa.org/sarecords/, http://www.eggsa.org/. Hereinafter cited as NGK Baptism Registers 1695-1712 (Cape Town).
  17. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "Pp.49-50."
  18. [S675] Declarations of Lijsbeth van de Caep, 28 & 30 April 1678, fol. 26 & verso; CJ 2954, Court of Justice; Confessien en Interogatorium, Western Cape Archives and Records Service, Roeland Street, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, My thanks to Mansell Upham for sharing these citations
    Confessien en Interogatorium des Jaars 1677 tot 1687                         26 [89]
    Compareende voor de naargenoemde Gecommitt:[ede]ns     Lijsbeth slavin van de Baas Timmerman Adriaen van Brakel, de welcke ter requisitie van M[onseigneu]r: Tobias Vlasvath Fiscaal in loco vrij willigh heeft geconfesseert ende beleden, dat op voorleden Donderdagh wesende aen deser loopende maandt sij Confessandt van een Hottento genaamt Corhaeij voor twee dubbelse stij:[we]rs heeft geruijlt een guide ringh en 3 paar silvered cnoopjes, welcke goud ringh sij Confessant op Saturdagh jongstleden 's morgens vroegh aan de slaven van de borgerraet Elbert Diemer (gen:[aem]t Marij) heeft in bewaringh gegeven, mitsgaders den selvende dagh s' middags aan Bastiaen Hendricksz Gijbergh alhier aan lant bescheijden, de voorgenoemde 3 paar silvere cnoopen In't Fort de Goede Hoop a[nn]d[omin]ij 28 April 1678.
    't teeken XXX van
    de Confessante voorn[oem]t
    Ons presendt
    [signed]     J: Kroon
    [signed]     J.L Falckenreijck
    Mij Present
    [signed]     A. de Man
    secr[e]t[ari]s
    ________________
    Compareerde voor de naargenoemde gecommitee:[de]ns de voornoemde Confessante de welcke ondermael op scherpen examinatie haar voorgaande belijdenisse voor soovele noch gealteneert en gamplixeert dat sij op Donderdagh voorsz naar haar best onthoudt tegens den avondt haar na 't huijs van de borger     Louis van Bengale heeft begeven, maekende alvoorens 't venster aan de zijde van 't huijs, 't welck met twee spijkers was toegemaekt open wanneer sij Confessante haar nade achter deur begaf, de welcke sij open bevondt en weder na haar te deede gaande daar op in huijs en vervolgens inde Camer, als wanneer sij bovenop het houte Casje inde Camer een spijker vondt, net de welcke sij het gemelte Casje open maeckt, nemende daar uijt een goude ringh, 3 paar silvere cnoopjes en partij gelt sondere weten hoe veel als wanneer sij haar uijt 't venster tot dien eijnde opengemaeckt weder na buijten begaf tot voorcomingh dat 'd sij door de slaaf van gemelte Louis niet moest warden ontdeckt, hebbende sij Confessante noch dien eijgen dagh omtrent deself van 't gemelte gelt aan Bastiaen Hendricxsz voor het huijs van de borger Arnoldus Willemsz [Basson] gegeven, om dat denselve presenteerde voorn:[oemde] gelt voor haar Confessante te bewaren, mitsgaders 's anderen daags s' morghens noch aan een matroos alhier aan lndt genaamt Bart Koop…[name left incomplete] Voor haar meesters huijs al het resterende gelt de wijle den selven seijde gelt voor haar Confess:[an]te ter gelijcx te willen bewaaren. In't Fort de Goede Hoop a[nno]d[omin]ij 30 April 1678
    't merk XXX van de
    Confess:[an]t[e] voorn:[oem]t
    Ons present
    [signed]     J. Cruse
    [signed]     J. Falckenrijck
    Mij present
    [signed]     A.[dries] de Man
    secr[e]t[ari]s.
  19. [S332] Webpage tanap.net (http://databases.tanap.net/mooc/) (Original records held by Western Cape Archives and Records Service, Roeland Street, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa) "Reference code: C. 13, pp. 40-43.
    Dinsdagh 14 Junij 1678. [1]
    Presentibus omnibus.
    ...
    Den slavin van den baes timmerman Adriaen van Brackel, in hegtenis sittende over gepleegde dieverijen en gesustendeerde huijs-braack ten huijse van den borger Louwijs van Bengale, Sien konfessie van 30 April 1678 van genoemde slavin in C. J.2954: Confess. & Interrog ., 1677-1685, p. 90. is goet gevonden gem. slavinne den eijgenaer weder te laten toekomen, mits dat hij alvoor[e]ns gehouden sal sijn met gemelte Louwijs van Bengaale over de gestoolen goederen te accordeeren en deselve te contenteeren.

    Sittende insgelijcx noch in hegtenis twee matroosen alhier in guarnisoen bescheijden gent. Bartel Koop en Bastiaen Hendricx de welcqe van de bovengemelte slavin worden beschuldigt dat sij eenige gestoolen contanten van haer souden hebben genooten, 't welcq nochtans bij haer wort ontkent, Soo is mede goet gevonden de gemelte 2 persoonen voor eenigen tijt op 't Robbeneijlandt aen d' gemeene wercken te laten arbeijden, mits behoudenis van gagie.
    Aldus geresolveert in 't Fort d' Goede Hoop ten dage en jaare voors.
    ...........................
    CRUDOP.
    DIRCQ JANSZ SMIENT.
    J. CRUSE.
    Ms. VAN BANCHEM.
    mij present A. DE MAN, Secrts."
  20. [S332] Webpage Tanap (http://databases.tanap.net/mooc/) (Original records held by Western Cape Archives and Records Service) "Reference code: C. 13, pp. 61-66.
    Woensdagh 14 Julij ao. 1678.
    ....
    Den vrijje swart, Louwis van Bengale, te kennen gevende dat den baes timmerman Adriaen van Brakel, in conformite van het besluijt van den Gouverneur en Raadt de dato wegens 't geene desselffs slavin hem hadde ontvreemt, niets wilde toevoegen en gevolghlijck geen accordt met hem conde aangaen, Soo is daarop geresolveert, soo hij kan doen blijcken sijn pretentie rechtmatigh te wesen, dat de gemelte slavin ten behoeve van de g'interesseerde sal werden verkogt, mits dat den eijgenaer daertoe consent draagt off andersints hem te vrede stelt.
    ...
    Aldus geresolveert in 't Fort de Goede Hoop ten dage en jaare voors.
    CRUDOP.
    DIRCQ JANSZ SMIENT.
    J. CRUSE.
    Ms. VAN BANCHEM.
    J. RAVENSBERGH.
    Mij present A. DE MAN, Secrts."
  21. [S654] Mansell Upham 'What can't be cured, must be endured … Cape of Good Hope - first marriages & baptisms (1652-1665)', First Fifty Years, Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), (http://e-family.co.za/ffy/ui66.htm), January 2012. "...convicted & sentenced to flogging (5 January 1696) & 3 years hard labour in chains for housebreaking & theft..."
  22. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", Sy was hiervoor in 1696 gegésel en moes drie jaar in kettings aan die "gemene werk" arbei.
  23. [S853] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)", Kronos - Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670) 15 (1988): 6.1.1665     T30     T49 en T50     CTD 2, p.146
    Hendrick Hendricx Boom van Amsterdam, oud burgerraad, aan Matthijs Cooimans van Heerentals sy huis en erf te Tafelvallei, volgens die grondbriewe van 1 Maart 1660 en 15 Junie 1662, een morg 312 roede groot, asook 300 skape, een slaaf met ‘n slavin en twee slawe kinders asook al die tuingereedskap, melk-gereedskap asook alles wat nag los en naelvas is en daartoe behoort alles vir die bedrag van 5000 carolus gulde. [Op dieselfde dag teken Matijs Coijmans ‘n skuldbrief (p.148) vir dieselfde bedrag en al die eiendomme vir die delgingsperiod van vyf jaar. In geeneen van die dokumente word die slawe se name genoem nie.]. Hereinafter cited as "Kaapse noteriële stukke waarin slawe van vryburgers en amptenare vermeld word (1658 - 1730? 1670)."
  24. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "A repatriating Boom, sold (6 January 1665) his entire establishment (his house and erf in Table Valley) to the baker Matthijs Coeijmans (from Herentals). This included his two slaves "and 2 children": Anna van Guinea and Claes Kelder van Angola. Were the heelslag Lijsbeth Sanders: and Maria Everts: (Anna's daughter by Evert) the two children sold that day?"
  25. [S418] Anna J. Böeseken, Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700 (Cape Town: Tafelberg, 1977), p.128 2.3.1671, V, pp. 119-120: Lijsbeth from the Cape (12), sold by Matthijs Coeijmans to Adriaan van Brakel for f 160.. Hereinafter cited as Slaves and Free Blacks at the Cape 1658-1700.
  26. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", As twaalfjarige slavin is sy op 3 [2] Maart 1671 deur Matthijs Coemans aan Adriaan van Brakel verkoop vir 'n bedrag van fl60.
  27. [S658] Mansell Upham 'UL03 Made or Marred by Time', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "p.48. Louis manumitted (27 July 1683) his slave Lijsbeth mijn meijt genaemt Lijsbeth van Cabo and her two children [Lijsbeth and Willem?] on condition that she serve him for one more year. A thorough search of the baptismal register reveals no other obvious child of Lijsbeth being baptized. Who was her 2nd child? He appears to have been the son named Willem fathered by Louis’s knecht Middlesex-born Englishman, William Teerling [Tarling?].


    ________________________
    i CA: 1/STB 18/144 (Gemengde Notariele Aktes: Louis van Bengale, 27 July 1683)."
  28. [S544] E-mails from Mansell Upham to Delia Robertson, 1 Aug 2010 "Subsequently, thanks to a vital piece of evidence brought to my attention by Susie Newton-King when she was researching the sodomy case involving Lijsbeth Sander's Coetzee offshoot, we now have actual proof that Pieter Willemsz Africano alias Pieter Willemsz Tamboer was brother to Lijsbeth Sanders. Tamboer had died at the house of Anna's husband (Potje) - at a time long after Lijsbeth Sanders and Louis van Bengale had gone their separate ways - and Lijsbeth Sanders sued for monies owing following the funeral of her brother. Clearly, Anna was related. If Maria had really been her mother - she certainly never seems to make any verifiable re-appearance in the record. Also, Lijsbeth Sanders probably named Anna after her mother and Anna's baptism has a Maria van de Caep as BOTH mother and witness. This I strongly maintain to be a clerical error and that Maria Everts is mentioned twice as mother and witness [Note: Maria Everts baptized her own daughter Anna in 1687 and we have her deceased estate papers]. Anna seems to be the second manumitted child of Lijsbeth Sanders in 1683 who only got to be baptized in 1685 and bear in mind that Louis van Bengale and Lijsbeth Sanders only contemplated legalizing their relationship in 1687 a relationship that went sour in 1689 when Lijsbeth Sanders ran off with Teerling - the closeness of Anna's baptism to that of Lijsbeth's Maria in 1686 might have to do with the fact that Lijsbeth Sanders was left to her own devices as a free woman (even if still required to work for her former owner for 1 more year) and also the fact that her sister Maria Everts also has a checkered history of baptizing bastard children in fits and starts [and one by the surgeon and Van der Stel cohort Willem ten Damme which never gets enough attention or appreciation in terms of the extent of the 'stranglehold' (I use this word for want of a better alternative as their contextualization requires greater scrutiny and something I am trying to do in my biographies on these people) Anna and Evert van Guinea had on the community) by researchers] in a quest for respectability of societal inclusion as free inhabitants even if Anna and Evert van Guinea never felt the need to convert to Christianity or to legalize their 'marriage' [did they resist pressure to do so or opt for non-inclusion of the civic order or did the authorities discourage/ignore them???]. At one point the authorities make mention of the disreputable households of both Anna and Maria Everts ...

    Anna Louisz appears to have pre-deceased her mother and to have been childless which would explain her non-appearance in her mother's deceased estate papers."
  29. [S544] E-mails from Mansell Upham to Delia Robertson, 1 Aug 2010.
  30. [S654] Mansell Upham 'UL01 What can't be cured, must be endured …', Uprooted Lives - Unfurling the Cape of Good Hope's Earliest Colonial Inhabitants (1652-1713), "Willem Teerling junior baptized Cape 6 May 1685 Willem een kind van Armosys suster [Lijsbeth Sanders?] peeten Armosy en Jan Pasquael; dies 1713."
  31. [S326] J.L. (Leon) Hattingh, "Die Blanke nageslag", pg 9.
 

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